Understanding Peripheral Artery Disease: A Silent Threat to Health
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an increasingly recognized health issue that silently affects over 10 million Americans aged 40 and above. This serious condition can lead to significant complications, including limb loss and even death, yet it remains one of the most underdiagnosed and undertreated conditions in the healthcare system.
What is Peripheral Artery Disease?
PAD occurs when the arteries that deliver blood to the arms and legs become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup. This decreased blood flow, especially in the legs, can result in pain, numbness, and severe complications such as infections, gangrene, and in critical cases, limb loss, heart attacks, and strokes.
Recent Research Findings
A recent study analyzed the health records of over 7,000 patients diagnosed with PAD, focusing on their treatment levels and associated mortality risks. The findings revealed a troubling trend:
- Less than one-third of patients received the full spectrum of recommended care—29.6% of women and 33.5% of men.
- Even though both genders were referred to specialists at comparable rates, women were often directed to primary care providers, potentially leading to less optimal care.
- Patients with PAD face an alarming statistic: more than a 50% chance of mortality from the condition itself.
Lead researcher Viet T. Le, associate professor of cardiovascular research at Intermountain Health, emphasized the urgent need for better screening and treatment practices for PAD. “In our study, we found a high rate of non-treatment of peripheral artery disease along with higher levels of mortality in these patients,” he stated. “These findings represent an opportunity to improve and implement systems of care, especially for women.”
The Treatment Gap
According to Dr. Le, essential treatments such as antiplatelet therapy and statins are crucial for all patients with PAD; however, only about one in three patients actually receives them. This gap in treatment is not due to lack of awareness among healthcare providers but rather stems from the misleading nature of PAD symptoms, which can often be mistaken for other issues.
Recognizing the Symptoms
PAD can develop quietly without significant signs, but certain symptoms may indicate its presence, including:
- Cold feet or legs
- Pain or cramping in the legs during physical activity that subsides with rest
- Non-healing sores on the legs or feet
- Physical changes such as muscle weakness, hair loss on the legs, shiny or cool skin, and diminished pulse in the feet
The likelihood of developing PAD increases with age, making it particularly prevalent in individuals over 65.
Conclusion
As awareness of peripheral artery disease grows, it is critical for both patients and healthcare providers to stay vigilant. Improved screening and treatment practices can significantly impact outcomes for those affected by this disease, ultimately saving lives and reducing the risk of severe complications.
For comprehensive information on PAD, visit the Mayo Clinic’s overview of peripheral artery disease.